Jun 28, 2011 jupiter s magnetic field is the largest structure in the solar system. Of the planets in the solar system, jupiter has the strongest magnetic field. Irregular satellites have highly inclined, often retrograde and eccentric orbits, and some are far from the planet. This magnetic field creates a huge bubble of electrically charged gas called the magnetosphere. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere textbook very rarely. Magnetosphere of ganymede, jupiters moon windows to the. Beginning with orbit insertion in july, 2016, juno will map jupiters magnetic field both near and far from a nearpolar, elliptical orbit that ducks beneath that planets intense radiation belts bolton et al.
Recently, saturn dethroned jupiter having a total of 82 known. The model predicts a thin current sheet of 1 jupiter radius to 2 jupiter radii halfthickness. The magnetosphere of neptune in the configuration corresponding tothe time of the voyager 2 flyby see bagenal, ann. The solar wind that flows around a planet is a stream of plasma coming from the sun. The magnetic field interacts with the solar wind to form a bubble that is called a magnetosphere, and within this bubble an energetic plasma emits radio waves to make jupiter one of the brightest radio sources in the sky. Written by a team of world experts, it brings together every aspect of the giant planetary. But the magnetosphere rotates along with jupiter because its driven by the magnetic field, which is generated deep inside the planet. Juno is a nasa space probe orbiting the planet jupiter. Jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere rothery, david a. Chapter 2 the origin of jupiter no figures chapter 3 the interior of jupiter. Weve just crossed the boundary into jupiter s home turf, said juno principal investigator scott bolton of southwest research institute, san antonio. Mckinnon cambridge university press, mar 5, 2007 science 719 pages.
The magnetosphere protects a planet from solar winds or solar radiation by its magnetic fields produced by its iron core. The magnetosphere is so large that it would look as big as the moon if it were visible in the night sky. A year for a planet is the amount of time that it takes to complete an orbit around the sun, and for jupiter this takes 4,333 earth days. It is the biggest thing in the entire solar system. Mckinnon, william mckinnon cambridge university press, nov 8, 2004 science 719 pages. Jupiter is a hydrogenhelium planet in hydrostatic equilibrium. Many of jupiters satellites belong to this category, as do the outermost satellites of saturn and neptune phoebe and nereid, respectively. Jupiter ionospheremagnetosphere online mapping tool beta. Jupiter is one of the brightest objects visible to the naked eye in the night sky, and has been known to ancient civilizations since before recorded history. Chapter 4 the composition of the atmosphere of jupiter. Satellitemagnetosphere interactions at jupiter and satun author.
Blanc was done thanks to support by irap cnrs and university of toulouse. We learn about magnetospheric interactions with satellites. This magnetic compression funnels charged particles towards jupiter s poles and down into the atmosphere. To first order, jupiter s interior can be described by simple arguments. Topics youll need to know to pass the quiz include understanding the origin of the ionized gas in jupiters magnetospheres, as well as the planet with a magnetosphere with a diameter 10 times. This comprehensive volume authoritatively describes current understanding of the complex jovian system.
The image file is an issue with the wikimedia commons, not this article. Jupiter satellites an overview sciencedirect topics. It is a gas giant with a mass onethousandth that of the sun, but two and ahalf times that of all the other planets in the solar system combined. Not only is it big enough to hold all of jupiter s moons, but the sun itself could fit inside. It extends outward around jupiter to between 75 and 100 times the planet s width. Jupiters magnetosphere is especially large, 10 times the diameter. Jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere deepdyve. Jupiter planet satellites and magnetosphere planetary systems and. Of jupiters moons, eight are regular satellites with prograde and nearly circular orbits that are not greatly inclined with respect to jupiters equatorial plane. The first spacecraft to explore jupiter was pioneer 10, which flew past the planet in december 1973, followed by pioneer 11 twelve months later. Jupiters magnetic field is the largest structure in the solar system. The user provides a subsolar longitude and a position either in jupiter s ionosphere or in jupiter s magnetosphere. Rothery and others published jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
Storms are common on jupiter, some are small and last hours while others are huge and last for centuries. It is created by a star or planet with an active interior dynamo in the space environment close to a planetary body, the magnetic field resembles a magnetic dipole. The galilean satellites are located in the inner regions of the magnetosphere and are subjected to intense. Jupiter magnetosphere nasa solar system exploration.
But what is a magnetosphere, and why study jupiters. Jun 30, 2016 nasas jupiter bound juno spacecraft has entered the planet s magnetosphere, where the movement of particles in space is controlled by whats going on inside jupiter. The biggest planet in our solar system, jupiter also has a large presence in pop culture, including many movies, tv shows, video games and comics. Jupiter simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The other gas giants are saturn, uranus, and neptune. The solar wind also pushes on and stretches jupiter s magnetosphere into a shape like a windsock. Jupiter s enormous magnetic field is nearly 20,000 times as.
Surrounding jupiters magnetosphere is a magnetopause, located at the inner edge of a magnetosheatha region between it and the bow shock. All four galilean satellites orbit within the magnetosphere of jupiter. Jupiter is the second brightest planet in the night sky, after venus, which allowed early astronomers to spot and study the massive planet hundreds of years ago. Jupiter s magnetosphere occupies an enormous volume of space.
Right, top t wo of jupiter s moons, volcanic io above the great red spot and. Jupiters enormous magnetic field is nearly 20,000 times as. Not only is it big enough to hold all of jupiters moons, but the sun itself could fit inside. But what is a magnetosphere, and why study jupiter s. Written by a team of world experts, it brings together every aspect of the giant planetary system, from the deep interior of jupiter to the distant tiny satellites and swarms of escaping gas and dust. Jupiter takes nearly 12 earth years to orbit the sun, and it rotates once about every 10 hours. Jewitt an abundant population of small irregular satellites around jupiter, nature, 423 may 2003, pp.
Mar 06, 2020 storms are common on jupiter, some are small and last hours while others are huge and last for centuries. Dowling, and william mckinnon joe giacalone lunar and planetary laboratory university of arizona tucson, arizona, 85712. Trapped within jupiter s magnetosphere the area in which magnetic field lines encircle the planet from pole to pole are swarms of charged particles. Also depicted are lines of jupiters magnetic field. Satellitemagnetosphere interactions at jupiter and saturn. The form outputs the location to which the point maps in the magnetosphere or ionosphere according to the model of vogt et al this tool does not perform the flux equivalence calculation in real time. This is twice the mass of all the other planets in the solar system put together. Satellitemagnetosphere interactions at jupiter and satun. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere textbook abbreviated.
Jupiter is a gas giant, both because it is so large and made up of gas. The inner magnetosphere is the seat of plasma production for the magnetosphere and it also hosts the inner. If it could be seen at night, it would be as big in the sky as the full moon. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere 9780521035453. Of jupiter s moons, eight are regular satellites with prograde and nearly circular orbits that are not greatly inclined with respect to jupiter s equatorial plane. The current sheet in jupiters magnetosphere technical. A magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding an astronomical object in which charged particles are affected by that objects magnetic field. News nasas juno spacecraft enters jupiters magnetic field. Jupiter facts for kids interesting facts about planet. Wind speeds of 100 ms 360 kmh are common on certain parts of the planet. The other four regular satellites are much smaller. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere cambridge.
This is twice the mass of all the other planets in the solar system put. Jewitt, carolyn porco jupiters outer satellites and trojans, in. Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun and the largest in the solar system. This comprehensive volume authoritatively describes our understanding of the complex and fascinating jovian system. Fran bagenal, timothy e dowling and william b mckinnon, cambridge university press.
Most, if not all, of these satellites were captured by the parent planet. Three years later, this encyclo pedic volume, jupiter. The magnetosphere of jupiter is the largest planetary magnetosphere in the solar system, extending up to 7,000,000 kilometers 4,300,000 mi on the dayside and almost to the orbit of saturn on the nightside. At the center, the immense pressure may support a solid core of rock about the size of earth. The interior of jupiter is the seat of a strong dynamo that produces a surface magnetic field in the equatorial re gion with an intensity of rv4 gauss. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere request pdf. Like near the earth, the magnetic field of our solar system s largest planet compresses when impacted by a gust of charged particles from the sun. Over the 19hour spin period the magnetospheric plasma sheet in the tail changes from roughly planar to cylindrical.
As the fifth planet in the solar system, jupiter is a tad more than five times the distance of the sun than earth is. Magnetospheres of the outer planets group graphics. Jia was supported by the nasa outer planets research program through grant nnx12am74g. The small black circle at the center shows the relative size of jupiter. Some of the earliest hints of this interaction go back to the 1850s with the work of richard carrington, and in the early 1900s with the work of kristian birkeland and carl stormer. The magnetosphere also enables us to measure how fast jupiter spins. Jupiter s large size and 10hour rotation period are responsible for an immense jovian magnetosphere, and the final papers in this book discuss various aspects of it. Probably the best known planetary satellite is earths moon. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere in june 2001, with the galileo mission ending and the cassini mission having encountered jupiter on its way to saturn, a. The configuration of jupiters magnetosphere radio and plasma. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere the website. It is one of the brightest objects in the night sky. For historical comparison, gehrels 1976 jupiter has 44 chapters written by 80 authors, often as single authors. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere, volume 2 fran bagenal, timothy e.
Chapter 8 lessons from shoemakerlevy 9 about jupiter and planetary impacts. The plasma of electrically charged particles that exists in the magnetosphere is flattened into a large disk more than 3 million miles 4. Jupiters radiation belt is quite intense, and just one pass through its denser part by pioneer 10 in 1973 was enough to cause some radiation damage, luckily rather minor. Magnetosphere of ganymede when the galileo spacecraft flew by ganymede, it found something that was a big surprise to everyone a very strong magnetic field. Written by a team of world experts, it brings together every aspect of the giant planetary system, from the deep interior of jupiter to the distant tiny satellites and. A large nearearth asteroid will safely pass by our planet on april 29, providing astronomers with an exceptional opportunity to study the 1.
Jupiter facts for kids interesting facts about planet jupiter. At about 75 jupiter radii from the planet, the interaction of the magnetosphere with the solar wind generates a bow shock. Jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere request pdf. They were the first objects found to orbit a planet other. It extends out to nearly 5 million kilometers 3 million miles wide on average, 150 times wider than jupiter itself and. It is a giant planet with a mass onethousandth that of the sun, but two and a half times that of all the other planets in the solar system combined. Bagenal, dowling, and mckinnon assembled a collection of highlyregarded. Planetary satellites often called moons are not to be confused with manmade satellites such as weather and communications satellites in orbit around the earth. And there is a paper on the dynamics of the magnetosphere. Jupiter was a notable destination in the wachowski siblings science fiction spectacle jupiter ascending, while various jovian moons provide settings for cloud atlas, futurama, power rangers. Practically, all the planets that exist have a magnetosphere, only mars and venus do not have any.
Earths magnetic field creates a bubble around earth that helps protect our planet from some of the more harmful effects of energetic particles streaming out from the sun in the solar wind. Jupiters magnetosphere will blow your mind while it kills. In fact, jupiter radiates more heat than it absorbs from the sun. Trapped within jupiters magnetosphere the area in which magnetic field lines encircle the planet from.
Jupiters natural satellites space wiki fandom powered. Chapter 9 jupiter s upper atmosphere and ionosphere. Jupiter s magnetosphere is stronger than earths by an order of magnitude, and its magnetic moment is approximately 18,000 times larger. The magnetosphere of jupiter is the cavity created in the solar wind by the planets magnetic field. It is a gas giant with a mass onethousandth that of the sun, but twoandahalf times that of all the other planets in the solar system combined. Striking evidence of the interaction of the satellites and the magnetosphere was provided when it was found that the innermost large satellite, io, actually affects the bursts of radio static produced. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere edited by bagenal et al. Aug 15, 2005 jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere rothery, david a. Io and a population of energetic plasma trapped in the magnetic field that provides a physical link between the satellites, particularly io, and the planet jupiter.
Planet, satellites and magnetosphere, cambridge university press. Planet, satellites and magnetosphere laboratory for. About the images left strong eastwest winds create latitudinal bands in jupiter s atmosphere cassini. Planetary satellites are small bodies in orbit about a planet actually the planets system barycenter. Chapter 9 jupiters upper atmosphere and ionosphere. They were first seen by galileo galilei in december 1609 or january 1610, and recognized by him as satellites of jupiter in march 1610. Jupiter the planet, satellites and magnetosphere, edited by fran. Jupiters magnetosphere was explored by the space probes pioneer 10 and 11, voyager 1 and 2, and ulysses, and the space probe galileo has been orbiting there since late 1995. Jupiter was the king of the moons since recently, having a total of 79 known satellites. The galilean satellites are nearly spherical in shape due to their planetary mass, and so would be considered at least dwarf planets if they were in direct orbit around the sun. This is the first time a strong magnetic field had been found near any moon. Data from cassinis december 2000 flyby of jupiter were still being analysed while the book. Jupiter, the most massive planet in the solar system and the fifth in distance from the sun. Jupiter is a huge planet, but its magnetosphere is mindblowingly massive.
Edited by fran bagenal, timothy dowling, william mckinnon. It is traditional to divide jupiters magnetosphere into inner 40rj regions. Jupiter, perhaps the best target in the solar system for studies of the dynamo. Jupiter s radiation belt is quite intense, and just one pass through its denser part by pioneer 10 in 1973 was enough to cause some radiation damage, luckily rather minor. Extending up to seven million kilometers in the suns direction and almost to the orbit of saturn in the opposite direction, jupiter s magnetosphere is the largest and most powerful of any planetary magnetosphere in the solar system, and by volume the largest known continuous structure in the. Pioneer 10 obtained the firstever closeup images of jupiter and its galilean moons.
Jupiter has been known to astronomers since antiquity. This comprehensive volume summarizes current knowledge of the jovian system, in view of recent scientific developments regarding the galileo spacecraft, the galileo probe, the cassini spacecraft, the hubble space telescope, and numerous groundbased and theoretical studies. So this image is more about iojupiter interactions. Chapters by recognized authorities cover all aspects of jupiter, its satellites and magnetosphere. Extending up to seven million kilometers in the suns direction and almost to the orbit of saturn in the opposite direction, jupiters magnetosphere is the largest and most powerful of any planetary magnetosphere in the solar system, and by volume the largest known continuous. The other gas giants are saturn, uranus, and neptune jupiter has a mass of 1. Data from cassinis december 2000 flyby of jupiter were still being analysed while the book was being written, but. The magnetosphere is an earth layer formed by the interaction between the earths magnetism and the solar wind, the solar wind is given by the movement of the suns corona in its own atmosphere. Jupiter s magnetosphere was explored by the space probes pioneer 10 and 11, voyager 1 and 2, and ulysses, and the space probe galileo has been orbiting there since late 1995. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere fran bagenal, timothy e.
The stirring motion of jupiters hot interior also generates its magnetic field. Farther out, field lines can be significantly distorted by the flow of. The magnetosphere of jupiter is the cavity created in the solar wind by the planet s magnetic field. It was built by lockheed martin and is operated by nasa s jet propulsion laboratory. Juno entered a polar orbit of jupiter on july 5, 2016 utc. Do you not like the assertion that jupiter is a pulsar. The spacecraft was launched from cape canaveral air force station on august 5, 2011, as part of the new frontiers program.
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